TESA- also known as Testicular Sperm Aspiration is one of the preferred surgical technique that is best used for those men, who have obstructive azoospermia. TESA is accomplished with the procedure of IVF/ICSI. This step is done with local anesthesia and is timed according to the egg retrieval of the female partner.

PESA is that process of Surgical Sperm Retrieval in India, which is suggested to those males, who have OA (obstructive azoospermia) or have an infection. This procedure is also accomplished with the ART technique- IVF/ ICSI. A man has to undergo local anesthesia before the surgical process of SSR and is matched with the timing of egg retrieval of the female partner. During this process, a fine needle is passed into the epididymis to extract fluid. This is then checked in the laboratory by the embryologist for sperm.

This procedure may be performed under GA or local anesthetic with sedation. A small sample of testicular tissue is extracted from the testes. This can be achieved by either a fine needle being inserted into the testes or a small incision being made.

Sperm that is extracted by the above procedures will then be used in conjunction with an ICSI cycle. ICSI involves a selected single sperm injected directly into a mature egg. The eggs will then be placed in an incubator and checked the following day for fertilization. An Embryo Transfer is normally scheduled 2-3 days following egg collection.

Microepididymal sperm aspiration (MESA) is a procedure most commonly performed in men with vassal obstruction. A scrotal skin incision is made, and the testis and epididymis are exposed. Using an operating microscope, a single epididymal tubule is opened and sperm aspirated. This procedure may be performed with a general anesthetic or a local anesthetic with intravenous sedation. An operating microscope is used to examine the very small tubules of the epididymis that contain the sperm. A dilated tubule is opened and the fluid is collected and examined for the presence and quality of sperm.

All of the sperm containing fluid is collected and taken to the IVF lab for processing, use, and freezing. If the fluid is devoid of sperm or only dead sperm are found, then another area of the epididymis is sampled. This is done until enough sperm are obtained to use and to store for future use. Adequate numbers of sperm are often retrieved allowing for cryopreservation and future ICSI cycles. With the advent of microsurgical epididymal sperm aspiration (MESA), sperm are retrieved in higher numbers than with PESA, allowing for cryopreservation of large numbers

Micro-TESE is that process of Surgical Sperm Retrieval in India when a male has an issue in sperm production and azoospermic. Micro-TESE is performed under general anesthesia with the aid of an operating microscope. This SSR treatment is timed up with the female partner’s egg collection step and is done on the day before the female’s egg collection.